This appendix provides suggested answers or thoughts about the questions you are asked in each chapter.
Jump to the chapter on this page using the list below:
Chapter 1: Identify the hazards – the theory
Chapter 2: Understanding of what you are assessing
Chapter 3: Identify the hazards – doing it differently
Chapter 4: How to meet your duty of care, and make sure you don’t leave anyone out of your risk assessments
Chapter 5: The oversimplification of risk assessment and control
Chapter 6: Dealing with essential controls before you consider ‘reasonably practicability’
Chapter 7: The theory of assessment. This chapter turned out quite long, so I divided it into two:
Chapter 7a: The theory of assessment
Chapter 7b: What’s wrong with how we do risk assessment
This is followed by three chapters explaining some improved ways of doing the ‘assess’ or ‘evaluate’ step of risk assessment, with or without a matrix.
Chapter 8: Assessment without a matrix
Chapter 9: Assessment with a better matrix (if you insist!)
Chapter 10: Assesment – test your matrix
Chapter 11: How to generate better controls
Chapter 12: Is it enough, is it practicable?
Chapter 13: Documenting your findings, and where it goes wrong
Chapter 14: How to document your findings better – using other documents
Chapter 15: How to document your findings better – the risk assessment package
Chapter 16: Reviewing assessments, or reviewing controls? The theory and where it goes wrong
Chapter 17: Effective and timely reviews of risk assessments and controls
Notes will be added later
Back to Chapter 1.
Notes will be added later. Might move the tea-making exercise here from the chapter
Back to Chapter 2.
Notes will be added later
Back to Chapter 3.
Notes will be added later
Back to Chapter 4.
Notes will be added later.
Back to Chapter 5.
Notes will be added later.
Back to Chapter 6.
Might move the box on ordinal data here.
Back to Chapter 7a.
Section 7.2.3 of Chapter 7b asked this question:
What it would mean to have a 3% chance of a ladder accident every time someone climbed a ladder? How many times could people climb a ladder in an organisation before the chance of an accident was more than 50%? How many times before the chance was over 99%?
The probability of an accident NOT occurring on one occasion is 1 – 3% = 0.97
The probability of an accident not occurring on two occasions is 0.97 x 0.97
The probability of an accident not occurring on ‘n’ occasions, where n is the number of times the ladder is climbed, is 0.97n
If n = 23, probability of an accident not occuring drops below 50%
When n = 152, it drops below 1% – that is, you would by 99% certain of an accident.
Think about how often people climb ladders, and then decide if in your organisation you would call 3% ‘rare’.
Back to Chapter 7b.
Here are some possible harm statements for ‘slipping on a wet surface’:
Office staff could spill coffee, which could lead to themselves or a colleague slipping, resulting in bruising or a minor break. You probably don’t want to go as far as banning coffee, but do you restrict where people can drink it or carry it? Do you insist on mugs with lids? Do you clarify the regime for cleaning?
Residents in a care home could spill coffee, which could lead to themselves or another resident slipping, resulting in a broken hip or other cause of hospitalisation. Without any numbers, you can see that while further controls in an office might not have been necessary, in a care home restrictions on where drinks are consumed and who can carry them, and a prompt cleaning regime, have a higher priority.
Catering staff could slip on oil near the deep fat fryer, and part of their body be burned by the hot oil. This type of accident has happened multiple times. Most of the hot oil catering incidents I’ve read have been during the emptying or transporting of oil, which makes one control measure very obvious without needing a number for likelihood or severity. Don’t empty or transport oil while it is hot. Another case occurred where a chef plunged his arm into hot oil when he tried to steady himself after his foot slipped. Tackling this problem could involve looking at routes through the kitchen. considering cleaning regimes or looking at footwear and floor surfaces.
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